Introduction: Hemorrhoids and anal fissures are prevalent anorectal conditions that affect individuals across various demographic groups. Different environmental and genetic factors influence the prevalence of these conditions. This study aimed to investigate the association between the clinical data of patients and the frequency of hemorrhoids and fissures

This cross-sectional study included 536 patients referred to Razi Hospital in Rasht, Iran, in 2023 for anorectal evaluation. Demographical and clinical data and anorectal findings of the patients were recorded for analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 16, with a significance level set at <0.05

Among total patients, 290 were females, and the frequency of hemorrhoids was higher among them (55.5%) compared to men, while the frequency of fissures was higher among males (51%). High-risk WHR was more prevalent in patients with hemorrhoids, while low-risk WHR was more frequent in patients with fissures. Higher education was associated with a decreased risk of developing hemorrhoids and fissures, particularly in university-educated patients (P<0.05). The rural residency was protective against developing hemorrhoids, while the chance of developing fissures seemed to increase in rural residents. Females had a higher risk of developing fissures, although not statistically significant (P>0.05). Physical activity level, alcohol consumption, and occupational exposure did not show significant associations (P>0.05).

According to our results, the associated factors of developing hemorrhoids and fissures are multifactorial and require more clinical attention for better patient outcomes